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Dear Guest,
Sain bainu?/ "Are you fine?"/. Ta saikhan uvuljij bainu?/"Are you having a good winter ?"
It's me, Bolod, a Mongol man who runs a tour operator-the Bolod's Tours and Guesthouse in Mongolia.
Thank you for visiting my live website! It's about Mongolia and the Mongols.
Welcome to the ancestral heartland for more than 12 mln. Mongols who live now in 8 countries/Mongolia/2.7mln/, China/5.8-6.0mln/, Afghanistan/3.0-4.0mln/, Russia/0.8mln/, Iran, Burma, Kyrgyzstan and Pakistan/. ...If we can bring Herat's Moghols, Kyrgyzstan's Sart-Kalmyks, Kuko-nor's Mongols, Russia's Kalmyks and those Hazaras who are clearly of Mongol descent and who want it themselves, back to the central land of their ancestors ?! They wouldn't be coming to Mongolia as refugees, they will be here at home ! ... If Astana is bringing the ethnic Kazaks from different countries to Kazakhstan in order to make their country stronger, why Ulaanbaatar wouldn't consider to do the same?! We have enough land for everybody who wants to settle permanently in Mongolia for the ethnic reason. UN should help us too. When Soviet Union ended up with the splits, Germany has received ethnic Germans from Russia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine and other former republics too. Remember, Turkey received Turks from Bulgaria when Todor Jivkov changed his mind towards them. Ukraine and Russia welcome their ethnic kinsmen from the post-Soviet countries to settle in their countries.
We, the Mongols are even more separated than the ill-fated Kurdish people. Do we know any person, any family or any nation who is happy for being separated ?!
We invite you to visit the country and its people. You will be visiting a people with centuries-old nomadic lifestyle, listening to the absolute silence and breathing the purest ever air and seeing the eternal blue sky dominating over this beautiful land on Central Asian plateau:
green taiga forests, the second largest fresh water lake in Siberia, ancient burials, icy streams of crystal clear rivers, in its north,
two-humped camels, towering sand dunes, green oases with saksaul trees, rocky mountains in scarsely green plains, natural formations of cliffs... in its South,
endless steppes, homeland of best horses, bird gathering at blue lakes, fishing rivers, numerous gazelles, volcanic craters... in its East,
snow capped mountains, great lakes, rock paintings, steep canyons, yak herds and massive sand dunes, mountain and field caves ... in its West!
Discover Mongolia with Bolod's Tours which operates since 1991! Stay comfortably in Bolod's guesthouses operate since 2000! It's a truly experienced native tour operator and guesthouse reccommended by Lonely Planet's "Mongolia" guidebook of 2001/page 139/ and 2005/pages 69, 72/ and its "Trans Siberian Railway" of 2006/p. 263/, "Mongoru"/in Japanese/ by Globe-Trotter/ of 2007-2008/page 56/, "Mongolie" by Petit Fute of 2008-2009/page 86/and on the www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn- the official tourism website of Mongolia.
What's now the situation with Mongolia's tourism like? As Mr. Davaadorj Ts, the Minister of the Manufacturing and Trade admitted on October 2nd, 2007, on TV, "-Now, most foreign tourists enter and leave Mongolia by foreign-owned airlines or trains, stay at foreign-owned accommodations, eat at foreign restaurants and travel with foreign tour companies". It's true, indeed, nowdays.
This country doesn't need foreign investments in fields where the Mongols are capable or must do businesses themselves. What kind of foreign investments does Mongolia indeed need? The country needs foreign investment in manufacturing and technology most!!! Mongolia's rulers must serve in the interests of their own people.
I'm almost one of patriots who want to remain in this last homeland instead of emigrating abroad as too many Mongols do so. Exodus of its young population and export of its women are the greatest threats to the further existense of Mongols as a nation...
Nationwide mining boom and gold rush are the greatest threat to Mongolia's nature... The gold may feed the people for 50 years, while preserved Nature-Mother would be able do it for another 5000 years.
Thank you for taking your time visiting my modest website.
I will keep my website live and constantly updated.
Bolod
Сэтгэгдэл 9: "At Urga, in June, the great meet which the Living God blesses with his presence is an amazing spectacle, reminiscent of the pageants of the ancient emperors. All the elite of Mongolia gather on the banks of the Tola River, dressed in their most splendid robes, and the archery, wrestling, and horse racing are famous throughout the East. This love of sport is one of the most attractive characteristics of the Mongols. It is a common ground on which a foreigner immediately has a point of contact. The Chinese, on the contrary, despise all forms of physical exercise. They consider it "bad form," and they do not understand any sport which calls for violent exertion. They prefer to take a quiet walk, carrying their pet bird in a cage for an airing ; to play a game of cards; or, if they must travel, to loll back in a sedan chair, with the curtains drawn and every breath of air excluded"
page 158, "Across Mongolian Plains" by Roy Chapman Andrews. D. Appleton and Company. New York. 1921.
Сэтгэгдэл 10: "There were several Mongol yurts about, and we had visits from some of the men. They were tall, strong, muscular fellows, but very childish, amused at everything, and very rough in their manners.
Looking on these uncouth, indolent men, it was difficult to imagine that they were the descendants of the wild Tartar ordes, who under Chengiz Khan had conquered China, had penetrated to India, had subdued all Turkestan and Pursia, and swept through Russia even to Central Europe..."-
page 128, "Among the Celestials" by Captain Younghusband, C.I.E. London. John Murray, Albemarle Street. 1898
Сэтгэгдэл 11: "The question naturally arises, Why the Mongols decreasing when they own so good a land? whatever the cause of Mongol decadence, it cannot be through lack of available territory"./page 290/
"Lama-ridden, and fleeced by the Chinese, the Mongols remain in a state of serfdom under their chiefs"./page 293/
"Such questions came to us as the red-coated Mongol horsemen rode near us during the day, sat around the camp-fires with us at night. They could tell us nothing, they were unaware of their ancient greatness. Only the name of Jenghis remained in their memory, and him they treated as a deity and spoke of with reverence"/page 295/
"Let us look at the Mongols of the present day. The traveller in Mongolia, alive to the history and former greatness of the people who dwell there, will recognise much at the present day that corresponds to those old accounts of the Mongols as here quoted. He will note that they are still hardy, still capable of enduring fatigue, cold, and hunger; so far, indeed, as physique goes, the Mongol of to-day is probably equal of the men Jenghis Khan let to battle"./page 306/
"Lamaism in Mongolia has been countenanced, and in every way encouraged, by the Chinese, who were clever enough to realise the influance such an organisation would exercise over nomad people. The Chinese patronized and endowed the monasteries, and granted special privileges to the lamas... Lamaism absorbes a large portion of the male population by inducing a vast majority of men, who under ordinary conditions of life would be the bread-winners and workers, to turn into a species of parasite. The boys, for instance, who in the earlier days devoted their time to martial and physical exercises, camp-work, or herding the flocks, are now entered at early age as students in the lamaseries, and their lives are entirely sacrificed to the forms and services of religion; when grown up, this tends to make them lead idle, useless lives, wholly dependent on others, when they should be independent and self-supporting."
pages 312, 313, "Unknown Mongolia"/a record of travel and exploration in North-West Mongolia and Dzungaria/ by Douglas Carruthers. 1913. London. Hutchinson & Co
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The Far Eastern Republic : Part 8 by Junius B. Wood, National Geographic Magazine, June 1922 |
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Passengers Carry Wood For The Locomotive
At regular intervals the train stops and the conductor plods along the side, shouting "Tovarishchi--za drovami"! It is the call for the "comrades" to pile out and carry sticks from the neighboring woodpiles to the locomotive. It is a crude study in communism (see photo "Where Communism Is Tested").
Most of the passengers, women and girls as well as men, make their way leisurely across the fields. Some climb on the tender, and the fuel is loaded as by a bucket brigade at an old-time fire. Others stretch themselves in the sun to doze, gossip aimlessly, stroll with the girls, picking the yellow flowers or carving on the white birch trunks, or hang out of the car windows, unmindful of the gibes from the more industrious fellow-passengers.
For thousands the railroad provides the only home. An official may get a passenger coach or private car for himself and his family, but the proletariat--men, women, and children--are herded by dozens in boxcars, anybody who can crowd in being free to pick out a corner for a home (see photo "The 'Last Word' in Residences in Chita").
In Chita and Verkhne-Udinsk hundreds are housed in boxcar cities, cooking, eating, and living in the open during the day and at night sleeping on rough shelves which have been built into the cars.
Some are on the move, getting nearer Soviet Russia whenever a locomotive can be spared to pull their trains, while others have been waiting for months. Included in this westbound tide are about a hundred American artisans each month, bound for Soviet Russia--"A country where men are free," as they explain.
Eastbound were long trains carrying 20,000 Chinese refugees from Ungern's sack of Urga in Mongolia--wounded soldiers, merchants with Russian wives and Eurasian children, coolies, and an occasional European--being transported by Soviet Russia back to China.
At night every spare spot in the railroad stations--tables, benches, the tiled floors, the platform outside when the weather is good--furnishes a bed. Women muffled under blankets with babies and children; soldiers with rifles and mess kits under their arms, and travelers with their stale bread, pans, and bundles snore contentedly in the fetid atmosphere. |
A Mongol woman with her child in Urge City.1921. |
Mongolia. 1913. Stephane Passet |
Two Mongol women. 1919. |
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"In a few days they came, 200 warlike Chahar brigands under the command of a former Chinese hunghutze. He was a tall, skinny man with hands that reached almost to his knees, a face blackened by wind and sun and mutilated with two long scars down over his forehead and cheek, the making of one of which had also closed one of his hawklike eyes, topped off with a shaggy coonskin cap -such was the commander of the detachment of Chahars. A personage very dark and stern, with whom a night meeting on a lonely street could not be considered a pleasure by any bent of the imagination. The detachment made camp within the destroyed fortress near to the single Chinese building that had not been razed and which was now serving as headquarters for the Chinese Commissioner" the pages 122, 123.
-"Beasts, Men and Gods" by F.Ossendowski, 1923, New York. E.P. Dutton & Company, |
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"Away in the distance we had seen some black spots from which faint columns of blue smoke were raising peacefully in the morning air. these were the yurts, or felt tents, of the Mongols, towards which we were making.. .. All round the sides of the tent boxes and cupboards were neatly arranged and at one end were some vases and images og Buddha. In the centre, was fireplace, situated directly beneath the hole of the place. I was charmed with the comfort of the place. The Chinese inns, at which I had so far had to put up, were cold and draughty. Here the sun came streaming in through the hole in the top, and there were no draughts whateever.Nor was there any dust; and this being the tent of a well-to-do Mongol, it was clean and neatly arranged"
-"Among the Celestials" by Captain Younghusband, C.I.E. London. John Murray, Albemarle Street. 1898 |
Mongolian soldiers. Summer 1918. Photo by Knut Sorensen |
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Travels In Mongolia, 1902: Journey Of C.W. Campbell
C.W. Campbell, British Consul in China, gives a vivid account of the history, landscape and way of life of those he meets as he travels north from Peking around the fringe of the Gobi Desert and into Mongolia, an area still largely unexplored by Western travelers.
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Since my crew were Mongols, it increased this sympathetic feeling and gave us good standing with the native population as we progressed deeper into Mongolia. From the air we would have looked like a naval convoy on a sea of grass; our heavily loaded camels the cargo ships, our outriders the surrounding cruisers and destroyers. At one stage we broke up into several small units, each with a leader who knew the country, the better to infiltrate the Chinese lines.
page 56, -"China Caravans" by Robert Easton. Capra Press. Santa Barbara, California. |
Historic documents written both in Mongolian language ang Mongolian script:
1. Abaka, 1267 or 1279
2. Argun, 1289
3. Argun, 1290
4. Mahmud Gazan, 1302
5. Oldjeitu, 1305
I. Abu Said , 1320
II. Kebek, 1326
III. Togluk-Temur, 1348 or 1360
IV. Тogluk-Temur, 1351 /1363/
V. Togluk-Temur, 1352
VI. Togluk-Temur, 1353 |
The Buryat soldiers of Russian Army during Russia-Japan War. 1905.
The Buryat soldiers from Tsar Russian Army in Manchuria. 1919. Russian Civil War. |
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"...Urga streets are quite wide but not very tidy. Chinese merchants used to have complete control of this country, but since the Mongols have become independent, the number of Chinese has decreased by more than half while while the Russians have gradually increased in number. During their most prosperous days the Chinese traders totalled 250 000 in Urga alone.* Before autonomy there were still 70 000, but now not more than 20 000 or so are left. The exodus caused in the first place by the White Russian invasion of Urga, when many Chinese fled to avoid trouble. In the second place, they used to have pretty much of a free land and were protected by high officials, but now the Mongol Government has adopted the Russian policy of suppressing merchants....
* This figure is highly improbable. The total population of all Outer Mongolia was only about three quarters of a million."
Page 74, "Chinese Agent in Mongolia" by Ma-Hot'ien.
Baltimore, The Johns Hopkins Press, 1949. |
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A group of Commanders of Mongolian freedom fighters in 1910s. |
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A woman-prisoner in Mongolia. 1913. Photo by Stephane Passet. 
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About the Salars who in 19th, 20th centuries often attacked the pilgrims from Mongolia as well as the ethnic Mongols who lived around Kuko-nor/"Blue Lake" in Mongolian/.
"Mohammedans here are divided into 2 sects, known as "white-capped Hui-hui", and "black-capped Hui-hui". One of questions which separate them is the hour at which fast can be broken during the Ramadan". The black-capped Hui-hui are more frequently called Salar, and are much the more devout and fanatical. They live in the vicinity of Ho-chou, in and around Hsun-hu t'ing, their chief town being known as Salar pakun. The first teacher of the schism followed by them was Ma-Ming-hsin, who lived in the middle of the last century, but the Salar themselves, who are of Turkish extraction, have been settled in western Kan-su for at least 4 centuries. The Salar, and many of the Mohammedans of the other sect, have distinctly un-Chinese features, aquiline noses, long, oval faces, large eyes, particularities easily accounted for by an infusion of Turkish stock with the Chinese, of which we should find, if proof were neccessary, ample, and conclusive testimony in Chinese histories and ethnological works..."
pages 39, 40, "Land of Lamas" by William Woodville Rockhill, 1891, New York, The Century Co. |
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"The Story of the Mongols Whom We Call the Tartars" by Giovanni Di Plano Carpini(c. 1180-1252). Account of His Embassy to the Court of the Mongol Khan In 1245-1247 John of Plano Carpini (Pian del Carpine) and Benedict the Pole, two Franciscan monks, were sent as envoys of Pope Innocent IV to the Mongol Khan. The monks traveled through the dominions of Khan Batu (ruler of the "Golden Horde") to the vicinity of Harkhorum, where they witnessed the proclamation of Guyug as the new Great Khan. Carpini’s mind absorbed every detail as the Russian priests spoke of the Mongols’ past conquests, reciting the names and locations of the Mongol generals. |
Today on his 29th birthday, Asashoryu, a Mongol Grand Champion of Sumo has won his 24th Emperor's Cup of Japan by defeating another Mongol Grand Champion Hakuho in final day of of the Autumn Grand Sumo Tournament. |
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