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Dear Guest,
Sain bainu?/ "Are you fine?"/. Ta saikhan namarjij bainu?/"Are you having a good autumn?"
It's me, Bolod, a Mongol man who runs a tour operator-the Bolod's Tours and Guesthouse in Mongolia.
Thank you for visiting my live website! It's about Mongolia and the Mongols.
Welcome to the ancestral heartland for more than 12 mln. Mongols who live now in 8 countries/Mongolia/2.7mln/, China/5.8-6.0mln/, Afghanistan/3.0-4.0mln/, Russia/0.8mln/, Iran, Burma, Kyrgyzstan and Pakistan/. ...If we can bring Herat's Moghols, Kyrgyzstan's Sart-Kalmyks, Kuko-nor's Mongols, Russia's Kalmyks and those Hazaras who are clearly of Mongol descent and who want it themselves, back to the central land of their ancestors ?! They wouldn't be coming to Mongolia as refugees, they will be here at home ! ... If Astana is bringing the ethnic Kazaks from different countries to Kazakhstan in order to make their country stronger, why Ulaanbaatar wouldn't consider to do the same?! We have enough land for everybody who wants to settle permanently in Mongolia for the ethnic reason. UN should help us too. When Soviet Union ended up with the splits, Germany has received ethnic Germans from Russia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine and other former republics too. Remember, Turkey received Turks from Bulgaria when Todor Jivkov changed his mind towards them. Ukraine and Russia welcome their ethnic kinsmen from the post-Soviet countries to settle in their countries.
We, the Mongols are even more separated than the ill-fated Kurdish people. Do we know any person, any family or any nation who is happy for being separated ?!
We invite you to visit the country and its people. You will be visiting a people with centuries-old nomadic lifestyle, listening to the absolute silence and breathing the purest ever air and seeing the eternal blue sky dominating over this beautiful land on Central Asian plateau:
green taiga forests, the second largest fresh water lake in Siberia, ancient burials, icy streams of crystal clear rivers, in its north,
two-humped camels, towering sand dunes, green oases with saksaul trees, rocky mountains in scarsely green plains, natural formations of cliffs... in its South,
endless steppes, homeland of best horses, bird gathering at blue lakes, fishing rivers, numerous gazelles, volcanic craters... in its East,
snow capped mountains, great lakes, rock paintings, steep canyons, yak herds and massive sand dunes, mountain and field caves ... in its West!
Discover Mongolia with Bolod's Tours which operates since 1991! Stay comfortably in Bolod's guesthouses operate since 2000! It's a truly experienced native tour operator and guesthouse reccommended by Lonely Planet's "Mongolia" guidebook of 2001/page 139/ and 2005/pages 69, 72/ and its "Trans Siberian Railway" of 2006/p. 263/, "Mongoru"/in Japanese/ by Globe-Trotter/ of 2007-2008/page 56/, "Mongolie" by Petit Fute of 2008-2009/page 86/and on the www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn- the official tourism website of Mongolia.
What's now the situation with Mongolia's tourism like? As Mr. Davaadorj Ts, the Minister of the Manufacturing and Trade admitted on October 2nd, 2007, on TV, "-Now, most foreign tourists enter and leave Mongolia by foreign-owned airlines or trains, stay at foreign-owned accommodations, eat at foreign restaurants and travel with foreign tour companies". It's true, indeed, nowdays.
This country doesn't need foreign investments in fields where the Mongols are capable or must do businesses themselves. What kind of foreign investments does Mongolia indeed need? The country needs foreign investment in manufacturing and technology most!!! Mongolia's rulers must serve in the interests of their own people.
I'm almost one of patriots who want to remain in this last homeland instead of emigrating abroad as too many Mongols do so. Exodus of its young population and export of Mongol women are the greatest threats to the further existense of Mongols as a nation...
Nationwide mining boom and gold rush are the greatest threat to Mongolia's nature... The gold may feed the people for 50 years, while preserved Nature-Mother would be able do it for another 5000 years.
Thank you for taking your time visiting my modest website.
I will keep my website live and constantly updated.
Bolod
Some of Mongol-owned restaurants and canteens in Ulaanbaatar:
1. "Avtai Sain Khaan", a Mongolian meals restaurant with high-quality service in Ulaanbaatar. Located opposite to the USA Embassy. Tel: 99116670.
2. "Ikh Mongol" restaurant\original Mongolian draft beer and food and european food\, Opening hours : 10am to 11pm, located opposite Asa Circus, Tel: 320450
3. "Ikh Khuraldai" restaurant, located at 400meters to south from Peace Bridge on Chinggis Avenue, tel: 976-11-342511, 976-11-343553
4. "Modern Nomads" restaurant. www.modernnomads.mn
Web:
Some of Mongol-owned companies in Mongolia:
1. www.gmobile.mn G-Mobile is the first Mongol-owned cellular operator in Mongolia!!! I'm now with G-Mobile.
2. www.monos.mn - The company's great brand is "Salimon".
3. "Mill House" LLC, the newest flour making factory: www.millhouse.mn
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Монголчуудын тухай сэтгэгдлүүд\Impressions of the Mongols\эх үүсвэрийг заалгүй хуулахыг хориглоно!!!
Сэтгэгдэл 1: "Two were Mongolian lamas in shabby robes of saffron and crimson, bound at the waist by twisted sashes of faded purple cloth. One lama had a crushed felt hat on his shaven head, the other was bare-headed, and both wore high, leather Mongol boots. The one with hat was tall and rather gaunt, with a long nose, and sunken cheeks below high cheekbones. The other was shorter and more thickset, with a broader face. Both might have been taken for American Indians. As we camp up, they were in the act of replacing their carved snuff-bottles in their belt-purses, having taken them out to exchange them with third man, who had just joined them.
The newcomer was a layman, with a frank, pleasant expression in contrast to the somewhat furtive looks of the lamas. He too would have resembled an American Indian except for the long, drooping moustache under his small, finely chiseled nose. Unlike the lamas, he was wearing a dark blue summer robe of heavy serge, with a red sash, a brown belt hat, and cloth boots. Though the features and dress of all three were so typically Mongol, and unlike anything we had seen in China, I thought I would try the experiment of greeting them in Chinese. The taller monk answered, with quite a strong accent, explaining that he, like many other lamas of the border regions I had visited, often had occasion to deal with the Chinese merchants in buying things for his temple, and had learned their language in that way.
pages 6, 7. "The Land of the Camel" by Schuiler Cammann. 1950. The Ronald Press Company. NewYork.
Сэтгэгдэл 2: " We found the Mongols to be a hospitable people with full, healthy-looking faces and often with handsome and intelligent intelligent features...
In the morning several Mongol men and women looked in on us and very kind-heartedly sewed the extensions on our sleeves and fixed knapsacks for us. The Chinese have a long way to go to match the Mongols in kindness...".
"The Chinese Agent In Mongolia" by Ma Ho-t'ien. Baltimore, Johns Hopkins Press, 1949.
Сэтгэгдэл 3: " Here, for the first time, we accosted representatives of pure Mongol race; truculent-looking rascals they seemed to us, after the reserved and rather timid Uriankhai/энэ тохиолдолд Тувачуудыг хэлж байна.А.Б/. The natural influence of the wild life and freedom of the open Mongolian plateau could be traced in their careless and reckless manner; they were loud-speaking, rough soldiery, used to a hard life, apt to bully those below them, but respectful to their superiors./page 260/
...Thus we never saw the Khan/of the Durbets/; and much to our regret, for he was a rare type of an hereditary prince of ancient stock, claiming direct descendent from Jenghis Khan himself. One evening two of his sons visited us, giving us thereby an idea of appearance of a Mongol of a good birth. After our dealings with the rift-raft of the herdsmen, with rough soldiers and with primitive hunters, we had grown accustomed to the idea that all Mongols were heavily built, rough, ill-mannered, ugly to look upon, and with leathery faces, but these two Mongol gentlemen astonished us by their indefinable look of breeding and by their charm of manner. Of average height, and lightly built, with clean, sharp-cut features, soft, dark, olive skin and small hands, they showed a marked contrast to their retainers. Their had the refined air, the politeness of manner, courteous style, which belongs only to those Mongols who are accustomed to rule...There is still "spirit" left in the Mongols, judjing by these two men of a good birth; they, at any rate, gave us no impression of decay or deterioration. Turned into the right channels, the Mongol Khans could wield great power to good effect. Even now the tide is turning, and when the nomads have realized their strength and regained their self-reliance, they may also regain their independence..."/pages 269, 270/.
"Unknown Mongolia"/a record of travel and exploration in North-West Mongolia and Dzungaria/ by Douglas Carruthers. 1913. London. Hutchinson & Co
Сэтгэгдэл 4: "Саяын хөдөөний монголчууд огт танихгүй хүнийг зочилсонд би их баярласан, сэтгэл минь их хөдөлсөн. Гэвч надад нэгэн гунигт бодол төрж байна. Тэд одоо мөхөөд байхгүй болсон миний ард түмнийг санагдуулчихлаа. Гайти арлын уугуул- монголжуу төрхтэй хүмүүсийн сүүлийн хэдхэн төлөөлөгчийн нэг нь би\Одоо тэнд чинь гол төлөв африкчууд болон миний ард түмнийг хядсан европчуудын үр садаас цөөн хүн байдаг\. Манайхан үнэндээ, яг саяын монголчууд\малчин 2 айлыг хэлж байна. А.Б\ шиг зочломтгой, цайлган зангаасаа болж мөхсөн юм. Өөрөөр хэлбэл харийнхан тэдний минь зочломтгой занг ашиглан арлыг маань эзлэн авсан юм даа. Бас тэд нар жаргаснаас хойш гадагшаа гардаггүй уламжлалтай байж. Энэ үеээр нь европчууд тэднийг минь жинхэнэ хяддаг байсан. Тэд минь хэт гэнэн, болгоомжгүй байж дээ...". Швейцарын парламентын гишүүн байсан гэх нэгэн авгай 2009 оны намар Төв аймгийн нутагт надад ярьсан билээ.
Сэтгэгдэл 5: "The houseboys, Chinese privates from the Sarachi district of central Suiyuan, tried to crowd into the mess hall, saying that if "that no-account" could come in, they could too. They recognized him as a Mongol by the scarlet vest he wore with his student uniform-no Chinese would wear anything as bright- and Sa-hsien people, as members of the first wave of Chinese migtation into the Mongol grazing lands, are the most open in their scorn of the people they dispossessed.
Their feeling was even more obvious next morning when Fred went to ask the cook for an extra plate of eggs to give Dunguerbo. "Mongol no good!" the Chinese servants said with emphasis. This annoyed us very much, as Dunguerbo had a far finer personality and a much more generous nature than most of the Chinese we had contact with up there"
page127, "The Land of the Camel" by Schuyler Cammann. The Ronald Press Company. New York. 1950.
Сэтгэгдэл 6: "...I call the whole thing a tragedy because it does not give either Chinese or Mongol fair chance. The Mongols at present are, as a race, at a standstill, if they are not dying. Yet with wise treatment they would become again withing 2 generations a proudand self-reliant people. The world needs more and more its pasture lands, to supply civilazation with wool and meat and hides. The Mongols, with Russia on one side of them and China on the other, are powerless. As a nation they are unarmed and incoherent.."
"The Desert Road to Turkestan" by Owen Lattimore. 1929, Boston.
Сэтгэгдэл 7: "Huc and after him, Prjevalsky have described the Tsaidam Mongols as morose and melancolic, speaking little-in fact, hardly better than animals. I was glad to find all those I met quite different from what the accounts of these travelers had caused me expect. Not only they showed themselves ready to do anything for me, but they expected themselves to make my stay agreeable, inviting me, or playing on a rough kind of banjo they manufacture themselves".
page 130, The Land of the Lamas" by Rockhill W.W/a journey into eastern Tibet and Mongolia in 1888-1889/.
Сэтгэгдэл 8: "Away in the distance we had seen some black spots from which faint columns of blue smoke were raising peacefully in the morning air. these were the yurts, or felt tents, of the Mongols, towards which we were making.. .. All round the sides of the tent boxes and cupboards were neatly arranged and at one end were some vases and images og Buddha. In the centre, was fireplace, situated directly beneath the hole of the place. I was charmed with the comfort of the place. The Chinese inns, at which I had so far had to put up, were cold and draughty. Here the sun came streaming in through the hole in the top, and there were no draughts whateever. Nor was there any dust; and this being the tent of a well-to-do Mongol, it was clean and neatly arranged"
-"Among the Celestials" by Captain Younghusband, C.I.E. London. John Murray, Albemarle Street. 1898
Сэтгэгдэл 9: "At Urga, in June, the great meet which the Living God blesses with his presence is an amazing spectacle, reminiscent of the pageants of the ancient emperors. All the elite of Mongolia gather on the banks of the Tola River, dressed in their most splendid robes, and the archery, wrestling, and horse racing are famous throughout the East. This love of sport is one of the most attractive characteristics of the Mongols. It is a common ground on which a foreigner immediately has a point of contact. The Chinese, on the contrary, despise all forms of physical exercise. They consider it "bad form," and they do not understand any sport which calls for violent exertion. They prefer to take a quiet walk, carrying their pet bird in a cage for an airing ; to play a game of cards; or, if they must travel, to loll back in a sedan chair, with the curtains drawn and every breath of air excluded"
page 158, "Across Mongolian Plains" by Roy Chapman Andrews. D. Appleton and Company. New York. 1921.
Сэтгэгдэл 10: "There were several Mongol yurts about, and we had visits from some of the men. They were tall, strong, muscular fellows, but very childish, amused at everything, and very rough in their manners.
Looking on these uncouth, indolent men, it was difficult to imagine that they were the descendants of the wild Tartar ordes, who under Chengiz Khan had conquered China, had penetrated to India, had subdued all Turkestan and Pursia, and swept through Russia even to Central Europe..."-
page 128, "Among the Celestials" by Captain Younghusband, C.I.E. London. John Murray, Albemarle Street. 1898
Сэтгэгдэл 11: "The question naturally arises, Why the Mongols decreasing when they own so good a land? whatever the cause of Mongol decadence, it cannot be through lack of available territory"./page 290/
"Lama-ridden, and fleeced by the Chinese, the Mongols remain in a state of serfdom under their chiefs"./page 293/
"Such questions came to us as the red-coated Mongol horsemen rode near us during the day, sat around the camp-fires with us at night. They could tell us nothing, they were unaware of their ancient greatness. Only the name of Jenghis remained in their memory, and him they treated as a deity and spoke of with reverence"/page 295/
"Let us look at the Mongols of the present day. The traveller in Mongolia, alive to the history and former greatness of the people who dwell there, will recognise much at the present day that corresponds to those old accounts of the Mongols as here quoted. He will note that they are still hardy, still capable of enduring fatigue, cold, and hunger; so far, indeed, as physique goes, the Mongol of to-day is probably equal of the men Jenghis Khan let to battle"./page 306/
"Lamaism in Mongolia has been countenanced, and in every way encouraged, by the Chinese, who were clever enough to realise the influance such an organisation would exercise over nomad people. The Chinese patronized and endowed the monasteries, and granted special privileges to the lamas... Lamaism absorbes a large portion of the male population by inducing a vast majority of men, who under ordinary conditions of life would be the bread-winners and workers, to turn into a species of parasite. The boys, for instance, who in the earlier days devoted their time to martial and physical exercises, camp-work, or herding the flocks, are now entered at early age as students in the lamaseries, and their lives are entirely sacrificed to the forms and services of religion; when grown up, this tends to make them lead idle, useless lives, wholly dependent on others, when they should be independent and self-supporting."
pages 312, 313, "Unknown Mongolia"/a record of travel and exploration in North-West Mongolia and Dzungaria/ by Douglas Carruthers. 1913. London. Hutchinson & Co
/үргэлжлэл бий/ |
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Сэтгэгдлүүд \Impressions of the Mongols |
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Wednesday, 24 February 2010 03:02 |
Монголчуудын тухай сэтгэгдлүүд\Impressions of the Mongols\эх үүсвэрийг заалгүй хуулахыг хориглоно!!!
Сэтгэгдэл 1: "Two were Mongolian lamas in shabby robes of saffron and crimson, bound at the waist by twisted sashes of faded purple cloth. One lama had a crushed felt hat on his shaven head, the other was bare-headed, and both wore high, leather Mongol boots. The one with hat was tall and rather gaunt, with a long nose, and sunken cheeks below high cheekbones. The other was shorter and more thickset, with a broader face. Both might have been taken for American Indians. As we camp up, they were in the act of replacing their carved snuff-bottles in their belt-purses, having taken them out to exchange them with third man, who had just joined them.
The newcomer was a layman, with a frank, pleasant expression in contrast to the somewhat furtive looks of the lamas. He too would have resembled an American Indian except for the long, drooping moustache under his small, finely chiseled nose. Unlike the lamas, he was wearing a dark blue summer robe of heavy serge, with a red sash, a brown belt hat, and cloth boots. Though the features and dress of all three were so typically Mongol, and unlike anything we had seen in China, I thought I would try the experiment of greeting them in Chinese. The taller monk answered, with quite a strong accent, explaining that he, like many other lamas of the border regions I had visited, often had occasion to deal with the Chinese merchants in buying things for his temple, and had learned their language in that way.
pages 6, 7. "The Land of the Camel" by Schuiler Cammann. 1950. The Ronald Press Company. NewYork.
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Friday, 25 December 2009 03:16 |
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Wednesday, 16 December 2009 15:08 |
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The Far Eastern Republic : Part 8 by Junius B. Wood, National Geographic Magazine, June 1922 |
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Friday, 27 November 2009 16:35 |
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Passengers Carry Wood For The Locomotive
At regular intervals the train stops and the conductor plods along the side, shouting "Tovarishchi--za drovami"! It is the call for the "comrades" to pile out and carry sticks from the neighboring woodpiles to the locomotive. It is a crude study in communism (see photo "Where Communism Is Tested").
Most of the passengers, women and girls as well as men, make their way leisurely across the fields. Some climb on the tender, and the fuel is loaded as by a bucket brigade at an old-time fire. Others stretch themselves in the sun to doze, gossip aimlessly, stroll with the girls, picking the yellow flowers or carving on the white birch trunks, or hang out of the car windows, unmindful of the gibes from the more industrious fellow-passengers.
For thousands the railroad provides the only home. An official may get a passenger coach or private car for himself and his family, but the proletariat--men, women, and children--are herded by dozens in boxcars, anybody who can crowd in being free to pick out a corner for a home (see photo "The 'Last Word' in Residences in Chita").
In Chita and Verkhne-Udinsk hundreds are housed in boxcar cities, cooking, eating, and living in the open during the day and at night sleeping on rough shelves which have been built into the cars.
Some are on the move, getting nearer Soviet Russia whenever a locomotive can be spared to pull their trains, while others have been waiting for months. Included in this westbound tide are about a hundred American artisans each month, bound for Soviet Russia--"A country where men are free," as they explain.
Eastbound were long trains carrying 20,000 Chinese refugees from Ungern's sack of Urga in Mongolia--wounded soldiers, merchants with Russian wives and Eurasian children, coolies, and an occasional European--being transported by Soviet Russia back to China.
At night every spare spot in the railroad stations--tables, benches, the tiled floors, the platform outside when the weather is good--furnishes a bed. Women muffled under blankets with babies and children; soldiers with rifles and mess kits under their arms, and travelers with their stale bread, pans, and bundles snore contentedly in the fetid atmosphere.
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Sunday, 08 November 2009 16:54 |
A Mongol woman with her child in Urge City.1921.
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Sunday, 08 November 2009 16:52 |
Mongolia. 1913. Stephane Passet
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Sunday, 08 November 2009 16:51 |
Two Mongol women. 1919.
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Sunday, 08 November 2009 16:50 |
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"In a few days they came, 200 warlike Chahar brigands under the command of a former Chinese hunghutze. He was a tall, skinny man with hands that reached almost to his knees, a face blackened by wind and sun and mutilated with two long scars down over his forehead and cheek, the making of one of which had also closed one of his hawklike eyes, topped off with a shaggy coonskin cap -such was the commander of the detachment of Chahars. A personage very dark and stern, with whom a night meeting on a lonely street could not be considered a pleasure by any bent of the imagination. The detachment made camp within the destroyed fortress near to the single Chinese building that had not been razed and which was now serving as headquarters for the Chinese Commissioner" the pages 122, 123.
-"Beasts, Men and Gods" by F.Ossendowski, 1923, New York. E.P. Dutton & Company,
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Sunday, 08 November 2009 16:49 |
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"Away in the distance we had seen some black spots from which faint columns of blue smoke were raising peacefully in the morning air. these were the yurts, or felt tents, of the Mongols, towards which we were making.. .. All round the sides of the tent boxes and cupboards were neatly arranged and at one end were some vases and images og Buddha. In the centre, was fireplace, situated directly beneath the hole of the place. I was charmed with the comfort of the place. The Chinese inns, at which I had so far had to put up, were cold and draughty. Here the sun came streaming in through the hole in the top, and there were no draughts whateever.Nor was there any dust; and this being the tent of a well-to-do Mongol, it was clean and neatly arranged"
-"Among the Celestials" by Captain Younghusband, C.I.E. London. John Murray, Albemarle Street. 1898
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Sunday, 08 November 2009 16:47 |
Mongolian soldiers. Summer 1918. Photo by Knut Sorensen
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Sunday, 08 November 2009 16:45 |
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Travels In Mongolia, 1902: Journey Of C.W. Campbell
C.W. Campbell, British Consul in China, gives a vivid account of the history, landscape and way of life of those he meets as he travels north from Peking around the fringe of the Gobi Desert and into Mongolia, an area still largely unexplored by Western travelers.
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Sunday, 08 November 2009 16:45 |
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Since my crew were Mongols, it increased this sympathetic feeling and gave us good standing with the native population as we progressed deeper into Mongolia. From the air we would have looked like a naval convoy on a sea of grass; our heavily loaded camels the cargo ships, our outriders the surrounding cruisers and destroyers. At one stage we broke up into several small units, each with a leader who knew the country, the better to infiltrate the Chinese lines.
page 56, -"China Caravans" by Robert Easton. Capra Press. Santa Barbara, California.
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Sunday, 08 November 2009 16:43 |
Historic documents written both in Mongolian language ang Mongolian script:
1. Abaka, 1267 or 1279
2. Argun, 1289
3. Argun, 1290
4. Mahmud Gazan, 1302
5. Oldjeitu, 1305
I. Abu Said , 1320
II. Kebek, 1326
III. Togluk-Temur, 1348 or 1360
IV. Тogluk-Temur, 1351 /1363/
V. Togluk-Temur, 1352
VI. Togluk-Temur, 1353
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Sunday, 08 November 2009 16:41 |
The Buryat soldiers of Russian Army during Russia-Japan War. 1905.
The Buryat soldiers from Tsar Russian Army in Manchuria. 1919. Russian Civil War.
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Sunday, 08 November 2009 16:38 |
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"...Urga streets are quite wide but not very tidy. Chinese merchants used to have complete control of this country, but since the Mongols have become independent, the number of Chinese has decreased by more than half while while the Russians have gradually increased in number. During their most prosperous days the Chinese traders totalled 250 000 in Urga alone.* Before autonomy there were still 70 000, but now not more than 20 000 or so are left. The exodus caused in the first place by the White Russian invasion of Urga, when many Chinese fled to avoid trouble. In the second place, they used to have pretty much of a free land and were protected by high officials, but now the Mongol Government has adopted the Russian policy of suppressing merchants....
* This figure is highly improbable. The total population of all Outer Mongolia was only about three quarters of a million."
Page 74, "Chinese Agent in Mongolia" by Ma-Hot'ien.
Baltimore, The Johns Hopkins Press, 1949.
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Saturday, 17 October 2009 07:48 |
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Mongolia travel companions wanted/deleted when deadline ends/:
16. Two Italian girls are looking for a tour to North West.
17. Portuguese people are to travel to Huvsgul.
18. Two women are planning on 14-day trip Gobi and Central West.
9. 2 persons are looking for two more fellow travelers who can join their 4-week trip to Gobi and far-western Altai Tavan Bogd Mountain trip in July or in August.
10. A Dutch couple is planning a trip to Southern Gobi and western Arkhangai in August or in September.
7. Un couple veut faire un voyage a cheval avec un interprete en francais en Septembre.
\will be continued\
Socialist rulers did too little for Hazaras and Moghols, although Mongolian People’s Republic kept its Embassy in Kabul since 1976, the Embassy closed in 2000, where the diplomats were aware of probable Mongol origin of the Hazaras and they had sometimes been approached by individual Hazaras who seemed to be cautiously expecting some brotherhood treatment from the Mongols. One of few good things made that time by Mongolian rulers towards the Hazaras was probably that fairly emotional welcome to Sultan Ali Keshtmand, Afghanistan’s Prime Minister (a Hazara) greeted in Ulaanbaatar by the cheerful crowds lined up along main avenue (Peace Bridge) who were previously informed that the high guest was of a Mongol origin. It’s been already 20 years since Mongolia has new rulers called democrats. Unfortunately, none of them have showed so far, at least publicly any interest in the Hazaras and the Mogols who were known worldwide as a people long massacred, persecuted and under-estimated on basis of their ethnicity as well as on basis of their possible Mongol ancestry. Instead, I encountered from time to time short notes on newspapers about international conferences held in Ulaanbaatar in which possibilities of Mongolia to receive North Korean refugees were being discussed.” Alkhana Bold
By the end of June 2009, the territory of the Middle Gobi province remains fairly dry and dusty in contrast to lands of its neighbooring the Southern Gobi.
In May, 2009, there were several heavy snowfalls elsewhere in Mongolia causing, fortunately, no much reported casualties to livesocks of nomadic families.
In 1992, 13 captive-bred Takhi/or Przevalski/ horses were flown to Mongolia-the animals home till 1968, from Holland and Ukraine/one mare died en route/.
In December 1995 the Washington Post proclaimed Genghis as the most important man of the last thousand years for his building links between east and west.
Gobi of Alag Lake/8km x 2km/ is located in border areas of Tugrug and Bugat counties of Gobi-Altai Province. Oasis of this Gobi is endowed with solonchak and caldrons of table salt.
Prominent cheekbones, moustache and Mongoloid features are characteristic of all stone men-"hun chuluu". At Hoshoo Tsaidam burial site there are 900 such stones streching for 3 km.
Roerich became a determined seeker of Sambala thanks to Dorjiev, a Buryat who had the principal sponsor, Ukhtomsky, the Russian Prince. Dorjiev was one teachers of 13th Dalai Lama.
On July 3rd, 1962, a monument to Chinggis Khaan is open in Dadal, Hentii province where the great ruler was born in 1162 in the family of Esukhei, one of Mongol leaders.
In 1991, Sino-Mongolian trade agreement was signed, establishing a series of border sites where locally contracted trade could go.
On 31.5.1924, the Karakhan L. the Deputy-Foreign Minister of Russia and Ku V, the Foreign Minister of China declare that Outer Mongolia is a part of China.
Tsagadai /or Chagatai/, the 2nd son of Chingis Khaan was little too agressive person to be a Khaan. In 1229, Ogodei, his 3rd son was elected as the 2nd Great Khaan.
Monkh Khaan-s last will was the talented Shirmuun, one of his grand-sons to succeed him, not his son Guyuk, who in 1246 became next Great Khaan thanks to ruse of his mother-Turakhan Khatan....
page 96LEGENDS.
SO quiet a spot. I visited another small lake, called
Kosin, near the summit of Sodi-Soruksum, also
formed by springs ; but its situation is more ex-
posed, and it is not surrounded by the same mystery
as Gadjur. Kosin, however, is also held sacred
ever since the spirit (good or evil, I know not) drove
from the spot a Tangutan hunter, attacking him
under the form of a grey 3ak ; since which time
sport is strictly prohibited on this and the other
sacred mountains (Amneh).
According to another tradition, Mount Gadjur
was sent hither by some Dalai-Lama to impress the
minds of the people with the wonders of the holy
country (i.e. Tibet).
Its precipitous cliffs, composed of felspar, lime-
stone, and schistous clay, rise to about 1,000 feet
above Lake Demchuk ; it is, therefore, higher than
Sodi-Soruksum. However, I only saw a few patches
of melted snow in sheltered spots on the northern
side.
On the south of the Tatung the Tangutan popu-
lation is very thick in certain districts less exposed
to the marauding Dungans, as for instance, round
the temple of Chertinton, but in the northern range
towards Mount Gadjur not a human being could be
seen. Pillaging parties frequently passed here on
It is curious tliat in tlic popular legends of this people "grey"
cows, yaks, &c. take as prominent a part as they do in the popular
legends of Russia.
Eight miles below Chertinton some agricultural Chinese have
settled in the valley of the Tatung ; this colony escaped the Dungan
GUIDES. OUR FAME AS MARKSMEN. 97
their way from the town of Tatung to phinder in
Eastern Kan-su ; and so great was the terror they
produced that nothing would induce the Mongol
whom we hired at Chobsen to accompany us to
Gadjur, until we took another Tangutan guide well
acquainted with the country, when the two, after
holding some parley together in their own language,
consented to proceed. I think they mutually agreed
to desert in case we were attacked ; but as we never
trusted to the assistance of our guides in case of
danger, this would not have made the slightest
difference to us. Our fame as marksmen, and the
reports of our wonderful guns, which had spread far
and wide, were of much greater importance. I was
regarded as a magician, whom no bullet could harm,
and I, of course, took care not to undeceive them.
We луеге always on the alert, however, and kept
watch in dangerous places. We never held inter-
course with the natives after dark for fear of admit-
ting an enemy unawares. But we were not molested,
although bands of robbers frequently passed our
camp, and must have known of our whereabouts.
After the middle of Auo-ust animal and vegfetable
-"Mongolia: The Tangut Country and the Solitudes of Northern Tibet" by N. Prejevalski, London. S. Low, Marston, Searle, & Rivington. 1876.
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Friday, 09 October 2009 00:00 |
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A group of Commanders of Mongolian freedom fighters in 1910s.
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Tuesday, 06 October 2009 00:00 |
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A woman-prisoner in Mongolia. 1913. Photo by Stephane Passet. 
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Friday, 02 October 2009 00:00 |
About the Salars who in 19th, 20th centuries often attacked the pilgrims from Mongolia as well as the ethnic Mongols who lived around Kuko-nor/"Blue Lake" in Mongolian/.
"Mohammedans here are divided into 2 sects, known as "white-capped Hui-hui", and "black-capped Hui-hui". One of questions which separate them is the hour at which fast can be broken during the Ramadan". The black-capped Hui-hui are more frequently called Salar, and are much the more devout and fanatical. They live in the vicinity of Ho-chou, in and around Hsun-hu t'ing, their chief town being known as Salar pakun. The first teacher of the schism followed by them was Ma-Ming-hsin, who lived in the middle of the last century, but the Salar themselves, who are of Turkish extraction, have been settled in western Kan-su for at least 4 centuries. The Salar, and many of the Mohammedans of the other sect, have distinctly un-Chinese features, aquiline noses, long, oval faces, large eyes, particularities easily accounted for by an infusion of Turkish stock with the Chinese, of which we should find, if proof were neccessary, ample, and conclusive testimony in Chinese histories and ethnological works..."
pages 39, 40, "Land of Lamas" by William Woodville Rockhill, 1891, New York, The Century Co.
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